pyspark.pandas.DataFrame.stack

DataFrame.stack() → Union[DataFrame, Series][source]

Stack the prescribed level(s) from columns to index.

Return a reshaped DataFrame or Series having a multi-level index with one or more new inner-most levels compared to the current DataFrame. The new inner-most levels are created by pivoting the columns of the current dataframe:

  • if the columns have a single level, the output is a Series

  • if the columns have multiple levels, the new index level(s) is (are) taken from the prescribed level(s) and the output is a DataFrame.

The new index levels are sorted.

Returns
DataFrame or Series

Stacked dataframe or series.

See also

DataFrame.unstack

Unstack prescribed level(s) from index axis onto column axis.

DataFrame.pivot

Reshape dataframe from long format to wide format.

DataFrame.pivot_table

Create a spreadsheet-style pivot table as a DataFrame.

Notes

The function is named by analogy with a collection of books being reorganized from being side by side on a horizontal position (the columns of the dataframe) to being stacked vertically on top of each other (in the index of the dataframe).

Examples

Single level columns

>>> df_single_level_cols = ps.DataFrame([[0, 1], [2, 3]],
...                                     index=['cat', 'dog'],
...                                     columns=['weight', 'height'])

Stacking a dataframe with a single level column axis returns a Series:

>>> df_single_level_cols
     weight  height
cat       0       1
dog       2       3
>>> df_single_level_cols.stack().sort_index()
cat  height    1
     weight    0
dog  height    3
     weight    2
dtype: int64

Multi level columns: simple case

>>> multicol1 = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('weight', 'kg'),
...                                        ('weight', 'pounds')])
>>> df_multi_level_cols1 = ps.DataFrame([[1, 2], [2, 4]],
...                                     index=['cat', 'dog'],
...                                     columns=multicol1)

Stacking a dataframe with a multi-level column axis:

>>> df_multi_level_cols1  
    weight
        kg pounds
cat      1      2
dog      2      4
>>> df_multi_level_cols1.stack().sort_index()
            weight
cat kg           1
    pounds       2
dog kg           2
    pounds       4

Missing values

>>> multicol2 = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('weight', 'kg'),
...                                        ('height', 'm')])
>>> df_multi_level_cols2 = ps.DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]],
...                                     index=['cat', 'dog'],
...                                     columns=multicol2)

It is common to have missing values when stacking a dataframe with multi-level columns, as the stacked dataframe typically has more values than the original dataframe. Missing values are filled with NaNs:

>>> df_multi_level_cols2
    weight height
        kg      m
cat    1.0    2.0
dog    3.0    4.0
>>> df_multi_level_cols2.stack().sort_index()  
        height  weight
cat kg     NaN     1.0
    m      2.0     NaN
dog kg     NaN     3.0
    m      4.0     NaN